Paper should be down on the country Ethopia Research

Should be down on the country Ethopia - Research Paper Example There are eighty six known indigenous languages in Ethiopia out of which 82 are spoken and 4 are extinct. The Amhara have been the dominant ethnic groups traditionally. Other ethnic groups have responded differently to different situations taking place in Ethiopia. The Standard of living refers to the well being. Well being is defined in terms of a state being healthy, happy and satisfied. It refers to the quality, degree of excellence, grade or distinguishing characteristics. In the context of Ethiopia it refers to mainly availability of resources/goals to satisfy basic needs. Standard of living has to do with having farm, land, farm implements and a house in rural settings, as well as having a job (employment) or business (income) in urban settings. Those people without these have a jeopardized standard of living The standard of living or the economy of Ethiopia started to grow by early 1970’s, and it diversified into areas such as manufacturing and services. Ethiopia is the 12th least developed country in the world (UNDP, 2007). The HDI for Ethiopia is 0.414 which ranks the country 171st out of 182 countries. The less than average score of HDI ~0.51 for Sub Saharan Africa is scored by Ethiopia. It made no improvement in its people’s standard of living as compared to earlier years. ... The PPP income of Ethiopia is 58% and is on 146th number among the other countries of the world. The standard of living reflected by the GDP, HDI and PPP values places Ethiopia behind 132 countries in having a better living standard. Inequality within the countries and between the countries is identified as one of the main barriers to human development (UNDP HDR, 2005). The inequality is a major problem in Ethiopia which includes major gender inequality and income inequality issues. Although Ethiopia remains one of the most tradition bound societies in Africa, the policy instruments and legislative commitments serving women’s interests, recently introduced a vast majority of Ethiopian women, particularly in rural areas, as far from being well off, independent, and direct beneficiaries of development initiatives. Women are considered inferior to men both in family life and society at large, following traditional socio cultural installations and practices. Polygamy, female genit al mutilation, and violence against women are very common in Ethiopia. Many urban and rural women believe that their husbands have a right to beat them. About 73 percent of Sub Saharan Africans live on less the US$2 per day (UNDP, 2011). The UNDP has launched a pro-poor initiative to boost job creation through pro business development that engages low income Africans e.g. customers, employees, producers or entrepreneurs. This initiative includes African countries like Ethiopia, Kenya, Angola and Malawi. 12 million people in 44% population are chronically or at least periodically poor and food insecure. A large percentage of Ethiopians are under nourished, and majority of the